Ground planes for PCB antennas?

Hi,

I’m thinking about trying out PCB antennas for GPS and LTE. First, I’m a bit confused w.r.t to ground planes: are these copper filled areas on the PCB, or are they empty parts of the PCB? How important are they? And are they connected to the ground of the coax? And digital ground / power ground of the rest of the system?

I was hoping to try and hand-solder on on a couple just to test, does anyone have any experience with that?

By the way, if you can recommend any PCB antennas that would also be great. Are they similar in performance to e.g. the Pulse you have in your store (even though they typically are smaller?).

Regards, Gaute